APIs originated in the 1940s, though the term did not emerge until the 1960s and 1970s.
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There are also APIs for programming languages, software libraries, computer operating systems, and computer hardware. The term API is often used to refer to web APIs, which allow communication between computers that are joined by the internet. An API may be custom-built for a particular pair of systems, or it may be a shared standard allowing interoperability among many systems. One purpose of APIs is to hide the internal details of how a system works, exposing only those parts a programmer will find useful and keeping them consistent even if the internal details later change.
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An API specification defines these calls, meaning that it explains how to use or implement them.
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The calls that make up the API are also known as subroutines, methods, requests, or endpoints. A program or a programmer that uses one of these parts is said to call that portion of the API. An API is often made up of different parts which act as tools or services that are available to the programmer. It is not intended to be used directly by a person (the end user) other than a computer programmer who is incorporating it into the software. In contrast to a user interface, which connects a computer to a person, an application programming interface connects computers or pieces of software to each other. The term API may refer either to the specification or to the implementation. A computer system that meets this standard is said to implement or expose an API. A document or standard that describes how to build or use such a connection or interface is called an API specification. It is a type of software interface, offering a service to other pieces of software. We have also covered advanced topics of Postman tool to do API Testing.For other uses, see API (disambiguation).Īn application programming interface ( API) is a way for two or more computer programs to communicate with each other. In the postman tool, you can save your requests and use them in the future based on your needs.
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Building Blocks of Postman:īefore testing an API, first we will see some building blocks of Postman Tool that are essential for every Postman operations.Ī request is a combination of the URL, HTTP headers, Body or Payload. Tests allow you to ensure that your API is working as expected, to establish that integrations between services are functioning reliably, and to verify that new developments haven’t broken any existing functionality. Tests: Tests are the scripts executed during the request. This is perfect for use-cases like including the timestamp in the request headers or sending a random alphanumeric string in the URL parameters.ġ8. Pre-request Script: Pre-request scripts are written in JavaScript, and are run before the request is sent. You can send various different types of body data to suit your API.ġ7. Body: It allows you to specify the data you need to send with a request. Headers: Some APIs require you to send particular headers such as JSON, JavaScript etc., along with requests, typically to provide additional metadata about the operation you are performing. We mention authorization details like username, password, bearer token etc., here.ġ5. Authorization: APIs use authorization to ensure that client requests access data securely. Params: We mention the parameters (key values) needed for a request.ġ4.
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Save: To save the request or to update the existing request.ġ3. Request URL: Here we mention the link to where the API will communicate with. HTTP Request: You can see requests like GET, POST, COPY, DELETE, etc.ġ1. By default it is named as ‘Untitled Request’.ġ0. Request tab: Title of the request you are working on. Collections: It is to organize and keep track of related requests.ĩ. History: Automatic saving of requests and responses in history which helps you track your past actions easily.Ĩ. Invite: It is to invite your team members to collaborate on a workspace.ħ. It allows real-time collaboration within and between teams.Ħ.
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A workspace is a shared context for building and consuming APIs. You can create a new workspace using this. Open New: We can open Postman Window or Runner Windowĥ. Runner: We can execute automation tests using Collection Runner.Ĥ. You can also find other options such as import from file, folder, link, or paste raw test.ģ. Import: It is to import a collection or environment. New: It is to create a new request, collection, or environment.Ģ.